Category: Epistemology and Method

ON TRUTH (Complete)(core)TRUTH: “TESTIMONY THAT SATISFIES DEMAND FOR INFALLIBILITY”WHERE TRUTH CONSISTS IN THE SERIES

1. Tautological Truth: That testimony you give when promising the equality of two statements using different terms: A circular definition, a statement of equality or a statement of identity.

2. Analytic Truth: The testimony you give promising the internal consistency of one or more statements used in the construction of a proof in an axiomatic(declarative) system. (a Logical Truth).

3. Ideal Truth: That testimony (description) you would give, if your knowledge (information) was complete, your language was sufficient, stated without error, cleansed of bias, and absent deceit, within the scope of precision limited to the context of the question you wish to answer; and the promise that another possessed of the same knowledge (information), performing the same due diligence, having the same experiences, would provide the same testimony. (Ideal Truth = Perfect Parsimony.)

4. Truthfulness: that testimony (description) you give if your knowledge (information) is incomplete, your language is insufficient, you have performed due diligence in the elimination of error, imaginary content, wishful thinking, bias, fictionalism, and deceit; within the scope of precision limited to the question you wish to answer; and which you warranty to be so; and the promise that another possessed of the knowledge, performing the same due diligence, having the same experiences, would provide the same testimony.

5. Reasonableness: that testimony (description) you give, as justification for your reporting of your belief, justification, preference, coice, or actions with full knowledge that knowledge is incomplete, your language is insufficient, but you have not performed due diligence in the elimination of error and bias, but which you warranty is free of deceit; within the scope of precision limited to the question you wish to answer; and the promise that another possess of the same knowledge (information), performing the same due diligence, having the same experiences, would provide the same testimony.

6. Honesty: that testimony (description) you give with full knowledge that knowledge is incomplete, your language is insufficient, but you have not performed due diligence in the elimination of error and bias, but which you warranty is free of deceit; within the scope of precision limited to the question you wish to answer; and the promise that another possess of the same knowledge (information), performing the same due diligence, having the same experiences, would provide the same testimony.

WHERE TRUTHFUL SPEECH

1. Satisfies the Demand for Increasing Infallibility of Decidability

WHERE DEMAND FOR DECIDABILITY:

1. In the REVERSE: a question (statement) is DECIDABLE if an algorithm (set of operations) exists within the limits of the system (rules, axioms, theories) that can produce a decision (choice). In other words, if the sufficient information for the decision is present (ie: is decidable) within the “system”(ie: grammar).

2. In the OBVERSE: Instead, we should determine if there is a means of choosing without the need for additional information supplied from outside the system (ie: not discretionary).

Or in simple terms, if DISCRETION is necessary the question is undecidable, and if discretion is unnecessary, a proposition is decidable. This separates reason (or calculation in the wider sense) from computation (algorithm). GIVEN The Series:

1. Intelligible: Decidable enough to imagine a conceptual relationship
2. Reasonable: Decidable enough for me to feel confident that my decision will satisfy my needs, and is not a waste of time, energy, resources.
3. Actionable: Decidable enough for me to take actions given time, effort, knowledge, resources.
4. Ethical and Moral: Decidable enough for me to not impose risk or costs upon the interests of others, or cause others to retaliate against me, if they have knowledge of and transparency into my actions.
5. Normative: Decidable enough to resolve a conflict without subjective opinion among my fellow people with similar values.
6. Judicial: Decidable enough to resolve a conflict without subjective opinion across different peoples with different knowledge, comprehension and values.
7. Scientific: Decidable regardless of all opinions or perspectives (True)
8. Logical: Decidable out of physical or logical necessity
9. Tautological: Decidedly identical in properties (referents) if not references (terms). So to borrow the one of many terms from Economics, we can see in this series (list) a market demand for increasingly infallible decidability.

GIVEN THE HUMAN FACULTIES:

1. Sense(stimuli)
   … … Perception (composition)
   … … … Association
2. Logic Facility (constant relations)
   … … Imagination Facility (prediction)
   … … … Reason Facility (comparison, permutation)
3. Grammar facility (statements)
   … … Paradigms (‘metaphysics’, ‘dimensions’)
   … … Vocabulary
   … … … Sounds
   … … … Signs (acts, actions)
   … … … Marks (records)
   … … … … accidental
   … … … … intentional
   … … … … … Mark
   … … … … … Symbol
   … … … … … … Glyph
   … … … … … Pictogram
   … … … … … Picture
   … … … … … Picture Series
   … … … … … Animation
4. Communication Facility (“Language”)
   … Truths
   … … .Formal Science
   … … … Mathematics
   … … … Logics (deflationary Grammars)
   … … …  Algorithms
   … … Physical Sciences
   … … … Physics
   … … … Chemistry
   … … … Biology
   … … … Sentience (Consciousness)
   … …
   … … Rhetorics (argumentative, persuasive Grammars)
   … Descriptions
   … … Testimony
   … Ordinary Language
   … Narrations (inflationary Grammars)
   … … Narrative (description)
   … … … Storytelling (loading, framing)
   … Deceits
   … … … Fictionalism
   … … … …. Pseudoscience -> Magic
   … … … …. Idealism-> Surrealism, and
   … … … …. Supernaturalism->Occult
   … … … Obscurantism (Obscuring, Overloading)
   … … … … Propaganda
   … … … Misdirection (Deceit)
   … … … Fraud (for gain)
   … … … Harm (Evil, for harm regardless of gain)

WHERE THE SPEECH IS CONSISTS OF:

1. Complete Sentences
2. In promissory form
3. In testimonial form
4. In operational vocabulary (as actions)
5. absent the verb to-be (is, are, was, were…)
6. including all changes in state
7. including all consequences of change in state
8. from an observer’s point of view
9. producing a series of testable transactions.

WHERE THE CRITERIA FOR TRUTHFUL SPEECH IS: Coherence Across the Dimensions Testifiable by Man, in The Series:

1. Existential >
   … 2. Realism >
   … 3. Naturalism >
2. Possible >
   … 5. Operational – Demonstrable >
   … 6. Empirical – Externally Correspondent >
   … 7. Logical – Categorically Consistent
3. Rational >
   … 9. Rational Choice – Demonstrated Preference >
   … … 10. Incentives – Demonstrated Interest >
   … … … 11. Body, Mind, Memory, Effort, Time
   … … … 12. Mates, Offspring, Kin
   … … … 13. Status, Reputation, Kith
   … … … 14. Several Interests (in many forms)
   … … … 15. Common Interests (in many forms)
   … 16. Reciprocal >
   … … 17. Productive
   … … 18. Fully Informed
   … … 19. Voluntary Transfer >
   … … 20. Free of Negative Externality >
4. Survivable >
   … 22. Power Distribution of Law >
   … 23. Pareto Distribution of Assets >
   … 24. Nash Distribution of Rewards >
5. Complete >
   … 26. Limits, Completeness, Full Accounting,
   … 27. Consistency, Coherence, Parsimony
6. Competitive – in the market for theories
   … 29. Sufficient – Satisfies the Demand For Infallibility
   … 30. Parsimony – In competition with other testimonies
7. Warrantable >
   … 32. (i)as having performed due diligence in the above dimensions;
   … 33. (ii)where due diligence is sufficient to satisfy the demand for infallibility;
   … 34. (iii)and where one entertains no risk that one cannot perform restitution for.

AS A DEFENSE AGAINST THE SERIES:

1. Ignorance and Willful Ignorance;
2. Error and failure of Due Diligence;
3. Bias and Wishful Thinking;
4. And the many Deceits of:
   … (a) Loading and Framing;
   … (b) Suggestion, Obscurantism, and
   … (c) Overloading, Propaganda and Social Construction
   … (d) Fictionalisms of
   … … i) Idealism -> Pseudorationalism, and
   … … ii) Magic -> Pseudoscience, and
   … … iii) Occult -> Supernaturalism;
   … (e) Sophistry
   … (f) and outright Fabrications (fictions).

IN DEFENSE OR ADVOCACY OF: Any transfer of demonstrated interests that is not reciprocal, the tests of: … (a) productive … (b) fully informed, fully accounted … (d) voluntary transfer of demonstrated interests … (e) free of externality of the same criteria … (c) warrantied and within the limits of liability WHERE DEMONSTRATED INTEREST INCLUDES: 1. Existential (or Natural) Interests: Definition:

Existential (or Natural) Interest: Interests that inherent in physical existence. Where;

1. Self:  Life, Body, Genes, Memories, Mind, Attention Time, and Action

2. Stimulation, Experience

1. Cooperative Interests Include

3. Status and Class (reputation, honor) Self-Image, Status, Reputation Social, Sexual, Economic, Political, and Military Market Value

4. Kin and Interpersonal (Relationship) Interests Mates (access to sex/reproduction), and Marriage Children (genetic reproduction) Consanguineous Relations (family, kin, clan, tribal and national relations)

5. Sustainable Patterns of Association, Cooperation, Insurance, Reproduction,  Production, Distribution and Trade Friends, Acquaintances, Neighbors, Cooperative Relations, Commercial Relations, Political Relations, and Military Relations.

1. Obtained Interests include:

Definition:

Obtained Interest: Interests that are obtained by bearing a cost of opportunity, time, effort, resources, to obtain that interest without imposing upon the previously born costs of others. Where; Obtained Interests Include:

6. Several (Personal) Interests Personal property: “Things an individual has a Monopoly Of Control over the use of.” Physical Body and Several Property: Those things we claim a monopoly of control over.

7. Shareholder (Fractional) Interests Shares in property: Recorded And Quantified Shareholder Property (claims for partial ownership)

8. Title Interests (Weights and Measures) Trademarks and Brands (prohibitions on fraudulent transfers within a geography).

9. Artificial Interests (Privileges) Letters of Marque, Patents, Copyrights, Grants of License.

10. Common Interests, or “Commons” (Community Property) Institutional Property: “Those objects into which we have invested our forgone opportunities, our efforts, or our material assets, in order to aggregate capital from multiple individuals for mutual gain.”

(i) Informational commons: knowledge. Information.

(ii) Informal (Normative) Institutions: Our norms: habits, manners, ethics and morals. Informal institutional property is nearly impossible to quantify and price.  The costs are subjective and consist of forgone opportunities.

(iii) Formal (Physical) Commons: the territory, it’s waterways, parks, buildings, improvements and infrastructure.

(iv) Formal (Procedural) Institutions: Our institutions: Religion, Education, Banking, Treasury, Government, Laws, Courts.

(v) Monuments (art and artifacts). Monuments claim territory, demonstrate wealth, and provide one of the longest most invariable normative and economic returns that any culture can construct as a demonstration of conspicuous production (wealth), and as such, conspicuous excellence. (hence why competing monuments represent an invasion. Temples, Churches, Museums, Sculptures being the most obvious examples of cultural claim or conquest. )

(vi) Common Opportunity Interests When people come together in proximity, and suppress impositions of costs upon the interests of others through the incremental evolution of the law of reciprocity, they decrease the time and effort required to produce voluntary association, cooperation and exchange. As such polities decrease opportunity costs, and generate opportunities. These opportunities are un-homsesteaded (opportunities) until invested in by individuals either by expenditure of time effort and resources, or by forgoing opportunities for consumption. As such the proximity of people and the institution of reciprocity under law produce a commons of opportunities that we seize (homestead) by competition. As such no one may claim interest in an opportunity without conducting and exchange by which to seize it.INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO The Series of: … (a) murder, … (b) harm, damage, theft, … (c) fraud, fraud by omission, fraud by indirection, baiting into hazard … (d) free riding, socialization of losses, privatization of commons, … (e) rent seeking, monopoly seeking, conspiracy, statism/corporatism, … (f) conversion(religion/pseudoscience), … (g) displacement(immigration/overbreeding), … (h) conquest (war). (End)

ON TRUTH (Complete)(core)TRUTH: “TESTIMONY THAT SATISFIES DEMAND FOR INFALLIBILITY”WHERE TRUTH CONSISTS IN THE SERIES

1. Tautological Truth: That testimony you give when promising the equality of two statements using different terms: A circular definition, a statement of equality or a statement of identity.

2. Analytic Truth: The testimony you give promising the internal consistency of one or more statements used in the construction of a proof in an axiomatic(declarative) system. (a Logical Truth).

3. Ideal Truth: That testimony (description) you would give, if your knowledge (information) was complete, your language was sufficient, stated without error, cleansed of bias, and absent deceit, within the scope of precision limited to the context of the question you wish to answer; and the promise that another possessed of the same knowledge (information), performing the same due diligence, having the same experiences, would provide the same testimony. (Ideal Truth = Perfect Parsimony.)

4. Truthfulness: that testimony (description) you give if your knowledge (information) is incomplete, your language is insufficient, you have performed due diligence in the elimination of error, imaginary content, wishful thinking, bias, fictionalism, and deceit; within the scope of precision limited to the question you wish to answer; and which you warranty to be so; and the promise that another possessed of the knowledge, performing the same due diligence, having the same experiences, would provide the same testimony.

5. Reasonableness: that testimony (description) you give, as justification for your reporting of your belief, justification, preference, coice, or actions with full knowledge that knowledge is incomplete, your language is insufficient, but you have not performed due diligence in the elimination of error and bias, but which you warranty is free of deceit; within the scope of precision limited to the question you wish to answer; and the promise that another possess of the same knowledge (information), performing the same due diligence, having the same experiences, would provide the same testimony.

6. Honesty: that testimony (description) you give with full knowledge that knowledge is incomplete, your language is insufficient, but you have not performed due diligence in the elimination of error and bias, but which you warranty is free of deceit; within the scope of precision limited to the question you wish to answer; and the promise that another possess of the same knowledge (information), performing the same due diligence, having the same experiences, would provide the same testimony.

WHERE TRUTHFUL SPEECH

1. Satisfies the Demand for Increasing Infallibility of Decidability

WHERE DEMAND FOR DECIDABILITY:

1. In the REVERSE: a question (statement) is DECIDABLE if an algorithm (set of operations) exists within the limits of the system (rules, axioms, theories) that can produce a decision (choice). In other words, if the sufficient information for the decision is present (ie: is decidable) within the “system”(ie: grammar).

2. In the OBVERSE: Instead, we should determine if there is a means of choosing without the need for additional information supplied from outside the system (ie: not discretionary).

Or in simple terms, if DISCRETION is necessary the question is undecidable, and if discretion is unnecessary, a proposition is decidable. This separates reason (or calculation in the wider sense) from computation (algorithm). GIVEN The Series:

1. Intelligible: Decidable enough to imagine a conceptual relationship
2. Reasonable: Decidable enough for me to feel confident that my decision will satisfy my needs, and is not a waste of time, energy, resources.
3. Actionable: Decidable enough for me to take actions given time, effort, knowledge, resources.
4. Ethical and Moral: Decidable enough for me to not impose risk or costs upon the interests of others, or cause others to retaliate against me, if they have knowledge of and transparency into my actions.
5. Normative: Decidable enough to resolve a conflict without subjective opinion among my fellow people with similar values.
6. Judicial: Decidable enough to resolve a conflict without subjective opinion across different peoples with different knowledge, comprehension and values.
7. Scientific: Decidable regardless of all opinions or perspectives (True)
8. Logical: Decidable out of physical or logical necessity
9. Tautological: Decidedly identical in properties (referents) if not references (terms). So to borrow the one of many terms from Economics, we can see in this series (list) a market demand for increasingly infallible decidability.

GIVEN THE HUMAN FACULTIES:

1. Sense(stimuli)
   … … Perception (composition)
   … … … Association
2. Logic Facility (constant relations)
   … … Imagination Facility (prediction)
   … … … Reason Facility (comparison, permutation)
3. Grammar facility (statements)
   … … Paradigms (‘metaphysics’, ‘dimensions’)
   … … Vocabulary
   … … … Sounds
   … … … Signs (acts, actions)
   … … … Marks (records)
   … … … … accidental
   … … … … intentional
   … … … … … Mark
   … … … … … Symbol
   … … … … … … Glyph
   … … … … … Pictogram
   … … … … … Picture
   … … … … … Picture Series
   … … … … … Animation
4. Communication Facility (“Language”)
   … Truths
   … … .Formal Science
   … … … Mathematics
   … … … Logics (deflationary Grammars)
   … … …  Algorithms
   … … Physical Sciences
   … … … Physics
   … … … Chemistry
   … … … Biology
   … … … Sentience (Consciousness)
   … …
   … … Rhetorics (argumentative, persuasive Grammars)
   … Descriptions
   … … Testimony
   … Ordinary Language
   … Narrations (inflationary Grammars)
   … … Narrative (description)
   … … … Storytelling (loading, framing)
   … Deceits
   … … … Fictionalism
   … … … …. Pseudoscience -> Magic
   … … … …. Idealism-> Surrealism, and
   … … … …. Supernaturalism->Occult
   … … … Obscurantism (Obscuring, Overloading)
   … … … … Propaganda
   … … … Misdirection (Deceit)
   … … … Fraud (for gain)
   … … … Harm (Evil, for harm regardless of gain)

WHERE THE SPEECH IS CONSISTS OF:

1. Complete Sentences
2. In promissory form
3. In testimonial form
4. In operational vocabulary (as actions)
5. absent the verb to-be (is, are, was, were…)
6. including all changes in state
7. including all consequences of change in state
8. from an observer’s point of view
9. producing a series of testable transactions.

WHERE THE CRITERIA FOR TRUTHFUL SPEECH IS: Coherence Across the Dimensions Testifiable by Man, in The Series:

1. Existential >
   … 2. Realism >
   … 3. Naturalism >
2. Possible >
   … 5. Operational – Demonstrable >
   … 6. Empirical – Externally Correspondent >
   … 7. Logical – Categorically Consistent
3. Rational >
   … 9. Rational Choice – Demonstrated Preference >
   … … 10. Incentives – Demonstrated Interest >
   … … … 11. Body, Mind, Memory, Effort, Time
   … … … 12. Mates, Offspring, Kin
   … … … 13. Status, Reputation, Kith
   … … … 14. Several Interests (in many forms)
   … … … 15. Common Interests (in many forms)
   … 16. Reciprocal >
   … … 17. Productive
   … … 18. Fully Informed
   … … 19. Voluntary Transfer >
   … … 20. Free of Negative Externality >
4. Survivable >
   … 22. Power Distribution of Law >
   … 23. Pareto Distribution of Assets >
   … 24. Nash Distribution of Rewards >
5. Complete >
   … 26. Limits, Completeness, Full Accounting,
   … 27. Consistency, Coherence, Parsimony
6. Competitive – in the market for theories
   … 29. Sufficient – Satisfies the Demand For Infallibility
   … 30. Parsimony – In competition with other testimonies
7. Warrantable >
   … 32. (i)as having performed due diligence in the above dimensions;
   … 33. (ii)where due diligence is sufficient to satisfy the demand for infallibility;
   … 34. (iii)and where one entertains no risk that one cannot perform restitution for.

AS A DEFENSE AGAINST THE SERIES:

1. Ignorance and Willful Ignorance;
2. Error and failure of Due Diligence;
3. Bias and Wishful Thinking;
4. And the many Deceits of:
   … (a) Loading and Framing;
   … (b) Suggestion, Obscurantism, and
   … (c) Overloading, Propaganda and Social Construction
   … (d) Fictionalisms of
   … … i) Idealism -> Pseudorationalism, and
   … … ii) Magic -> Pseudoscience, and
   … … iii) Occult -> Supernaturalism;
   … (e) Sophistry
   … (f) and outright Fabrications (fictions).

IN DEFENSE OR ADVOCACY OF: Any transfer of demonstrated interests that is not reciprocal, the tests of: … (a) productive … (b) fully informed, fully accounted … (d) voluntary transfer of demonstrated interests … (e) free of externality of the same criteria … (c) warrantied and within the limits of liability WHERE DEMONSTRATED INTEREST INCLUDES: 1. Existential (or Natural) Interests: Definition:

Existential (or Natural) Interest: Interests that inherent in physical existence. Where;

1. Self:  Life, Body, Genes, Memories, Mind, Attention Time, and Action

2. Stimulation, Experience

1. Cooperative Interests Include

3. Status and Class (reputation, honor) Self-Image, Status, Reputation Social, Sexual, Economic, Political, and Military Market Value

4. Kin and Interpersonal (Relationship) Interests Mates (access to sex/reproduction), and Marriage Children (genetic reproduction) Consanguineous Relations (family, kin, clan, tribal and national relations)

5. Sustainable Patterns of Association, Cooperation, Insurance, Reproduction,  Production, Distribution and Trade Friends, Acquaintances, Neighbors, Cooperative Relations, Commercial Relations, Political Relations, and Military Relations.

1. Obtained Interests include:

Definition:

Obtained Interest: Interests that are obtained by bearing a cost of opportunity, time, effort, resources, to obtain that interest without imposing upon the previously born costs of others. Where; Obtained Interests Include:

6. Several (Personal) Interests Personal property: “Things an individual has a Monopoly Of Control over the use of.” Physical Body and Several Property: Those things we claim a monopoly of control over.

7. Shareholder (Fractional) Interests Shares in property: Recorded And Quantified Shareholder Property (claims for partial ownership)

8. Title Interests (Weights and Measures) Trademarks and Brands (prohibitions on fraudulent transfers within a geography).

9. Artificial Interests (Privileges) Letters of Marque, Patents, Copyrights, Grants of License.

10. Common Interests, or “Commons” (Community Property) Institutional Property: “Those objects into which we have invested our forgone opportunities, our efforts, or our material assets, in order to aggregate capital from multiple individuals for mutual gain.”

(i) Informational commons: knowledge. Information.

(ii) Informal (Normative) Institutions: Our norms: habits, manners, ethics and morals. Informal institutional property is nearly impossible to quantify and price.  The costs are subjective and consist of forgone opportunities.

(iii) Formal (Physical) Commons: the territory, it’s waterways, parks, buildings, improvements and infrastructure.

(iv) Formal (Procedural) Institutions: Our institutions: Religion, Education, Banking, Treasury, Government, Laws, Courts.

(v) Monuments (art and artifacts). Monuments claim territory, demonstrate wealth, and provide one of the longest most invariable normative and economic returns that any culture can construct as a demonstration of conspicuous production (wealth), and as such, conspicuous excellence. (hence why competing monuments represent an invasion. Temples, Churches, Museums, Sculptures being the most obvious examples of cultural claim or conquest. )

(vi) Common Opportunity Interests When people come together in proximity, and suppress impositions of costs upon the interests of others through the incremental evolution of the law of reciprocity, they decrease the time and effort required to produce voluntary association, cooperation and exchange. As such polities decrease opportunity costs, and generate opportunities. These opportunities are un-homsesteaded (opportunities) until invested in by individuals either by expenditure of time effort and resources, or by forgoing opportunities for consumption. As such the proximity of people and the institution of reciprocity under law produce a commons of opportunities that we seize (homestead) by competition. As such no one may claim interest in an opportunity without conducting and exchange by which to seize it.INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO The Series of: … (a) murder, … (b) harm, damage, theft, … (c) fraud, fraud by omission, fraud by indirection, baiting into hazard … (d) free riding, socialization of losses, privatization of commons, … (e) rent seeking, monopoly seeking, conspiracy, statism/corporatism, … (f) conversion(religion/pseudoscience), … (g) displacement(immigration/overbreeding), … (h) conquest (war). (End)