I don’t try to be smarter than people in history unless they do things for deceptive, emotional, or ideological reasons. We all make calculations given sparse information in real time and under stress, and we all get some of them wrong.

Study Napoleon for a perfect autistic (infovore seizing opportunities), and study hannibal for the opposite (slow construction of a strategy), and study Rommel and Alexander for mastering tactical maneuver with professional forces, and study islam for ‘raid them to death and destroy their whole civilization by daily small sieges’.