shinto achieves mindfulness through precise repetition of ritual in a respectful manner.

stoicism achieves mindfulness through small daily task completion in a virtuous manner.

buddhism achieves mindfulness through meditation and escape from reality.

Islam achieves mindfulness by many memorizations and ritual prayers during every single day.

christianity achieves mindfulness by personal and collective prayer (and song).

Bill Joslin’s Order:

1 Stoicism – 2 Shinto – 0 Buddism – -1 Christian – -2 Islam

1 engages reality purposefully

2 engage reality arbitrarily

0 avoid reality

-1 engages fantasy (excluding Christian mystic practices) or could be listed above 0 because it is also engaging community…. tough one

-2 vigorous assimilation of fantasy