THIS ILLUSTRATION IS IMPRECISE
(a) a “square” describes the shadow truthfully.
(b) a “circle” describes the shadow truthfully.
The question is whether one is testifying to the shadow or to the three dimensional object that casts it.
One CANNOT testify to the shape of the three dimensional object that casts the shadow, one can only testify to the shape of the shadow.
THAT IS THE WHOLE POINT OF TESTIMONY (Truth).
“DO NOT MAKE SHIT UP by INFERENCE.”