. . .

I just want to point out that hoppe refers to economic science (falsification) but he himself relies entirely upon economic rationalism (justification), And he confuses philosophical positivism (which never occurred) with scientific skepticism (which is how science is practiced).

What’s the difference? Justification (excuse making) = bottom up rationalization. Positivism = justification through empiricism (top down). Science: a MARKET for ‘recipes’, where the stories (theories) provide searches (opportunities) for applications of the recipe, and where application of the recipe refines or falsifies the searches (opportunities). Science functions as just another market for actions (recipes). A market laundered of ignorance, error, bias, wishful thinking, suggestion, and deceit by the continual use of measurements in a competition between logical (mental) and physical instruments.