1 Plato: Republic 2 Aristotle: Nicomachean Ethics 3 Lucretius: On the Nature of the Universe 4 Sextus Empiricus: Outlines of Pyrrhonism 5 Plotinus: The Enneads 6 Augustine: City of God 7 Anselm: Proslogion 8 Aquinas: Summa Theologiae 9 Duns Scotus: Ordinatio 10 William of Ockham: Summa Logicae 1 René Descartes: Meditations on First Philosophy 2 Baruch Spinoza: Ethics 3 G. W. Leibniz: Monadology 4 Thomas Hobbes: Leviathan 5 John Locke: An Essay concerning Human Understanding 6 George Berkeley: A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge 7 David Hume: A Treatise of Human Nature 8 Jean-Jacques Rousseau: The Social Contract 1 Immanuel Kant: Critique of Pure Reason 2 Johann Gottlieb Fichte: Foundations of the Entire Science of Knowledge 3 G. W. F. Hegel: Phenomenology of Spirit 4 Arthur Schopenhauer: The World as Will and Representation 5 John Stuart Mill: On Liberty 6 Søren Kierkegaard: Philosophical Fragments 7 Karl Marx: Capital 8 Friedrich Nietzsche: The Genealogy of Morals 1. G. E. Moore: Principia Ethica 2. Edmund Husserl: The Idea of Phenomenology 3. William James: Pragmatism: A New Name for Some Old Ways of Thinking 4. Ludwig Wittgenstein: Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus 5. Martin Heidegger: Being and Time 6. Rudolf Carnap: The Logical Structure of the World 7. Bertrand Russell: An Inquiry into Meaning and Truth 8. Jean-Paul Sartre: Being and Nothingness 9. Maurice Merleau-Ponty: Phenomenology of Perception 10. A. J. Ayer Language, Truth and Logic 11. Gilbert Ryle: The Concept of Mind 12. Ludwig Wittgenstein: Philosophical Investigations 13. Karl Popper: The Logic of Scientific Discovery 1.W. V. Quine: Word and Object 2. P. F. Strawson: Individuals 3. John Rawls: A Theory of Justice 4. Robert Nozick: Anarchy, State, and Utopia 5. Michael Dummett: Truth and Other Enigmas 6. Richard Rorty: Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature 7. Donald Davidson: Essays on Actions and Events 8. Saul Kripke: Naming and Necessity 9. Hilary Putnam: Reason, Truth and History 10. Bernard Williams: Ethics and the Limits of Philosophy 11. Thomas Nagel: The View From Nowhere 12. David Lewis: On the Plurality of Worlds 13. Charles Taylor: Sources of the Self 14. John McDowell: Mind and World
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