AQUILA (EAGLE) AND S.P.Q.R. —“Pliny the Elder suggests the republican army bor

AQUILA (EAGLE) AND S.P.Q.R.

—“Pliny the Elder suggests the republican army bore five different animal standards, the eagle, the wolf, the minotaur, the horse and the boar. Marius later made the eagle (aquila) the supreme symbol because of its association with the god Jupiter. The other symbols were subsequently either relegated to a lesser role, or abolished altogether.”—

– Charlemagne used an iron crown then the eagle as a continuation.

– The Holy Roman Empire continued to use the double eagle.

– Genoa starts, the Templars adopt, and England and Europa take on the StGeorge’s Cross

– From that we get the Union Jack, the American Flag and the European Union Flag.

– Before all that we go to the spartan shield.

But I am far more interested in heraldry, since that represents families not empires.