[A] RATIONALIST INQUIRES FOR FALSEHOOD, A PROPERTARIAN INQUIRES FOR THEFT.
In most arguments it is a given that they are false. Instead, seek not to prove the leftists false, but seek to prove them thieves.
Then respond with, why are you not willing to trade with me? Why must you lie and steal from me?
[A] RATIONALIST INQUIRES FOR FALSEHOOD, A PROPERTARIAN INQUIRES FOR THEFT.
In most arguments it is a given that they are false. Instead, seek not to prove the leftists false, but seek to prove them thieves.
Then respond with, why are you not willing to trade with me? Why must you lie and steal from me?
[S]ome conflicts are objectively immoral because they generate retaliation
Some conflicts are conditionally immoral because they violate normative contracts consisting in the product (result) of a set of exchanges rather than single actions.
Some conflicts are moral such as the competition for opportunities produced by the market.
Some conflicts are uncertain since they constitute a process of discovery.
[S]ome conflicts are objectively immoral because they generate retaliation
Some conflicts are conditionally immoral because they violate normative contracts consisting in the product (result) of a set of exchanges rather than single actions.
Some conflicts are moral such as the competition for opportunities produced by the market.
Some conflicts are uncertain since they constitute a process of discovery.
https://www.quora.com/Does-evolutionary-theory-presuppose-a-preceding-grand-design-or-natural-law/answer/Curt-Doolittle?share=b1e823feIS THERE A NATURAL LAW TO EVOLUTION? LET ME TAKE THAT FURTHER
**Natural Law** (Empirically Discovered Law) consists of general rules, that are location, demographic, custom, culture, and religion independent methods of providing decidability in matters of conflict.
* (Law is prohibitive -negative- assertions)
* Negative ethics of Natural Law are usually reducible to the Silver Rule: do not unto others as you would not have done unto you.
**Natural Rights **(Desirable Contract Provisions) consist of those general rules, stated not as negative prohibitions, but as positive aspirations, such that all governments must bring into being – regardles of location, demographic, custom, culture, and religion, as a list of those conditions under which the government will exercise violence in order to resolve conflicts, so that prosperous cooperation can continue – given that the government is the insurer of last resort.
* (Rights are positive -desirable- assertions).
* Positive Ethics of Natural Rights are usually reducible to the Golden Rule: do unto others as you would have done unto you.
By combining Natural Law, and Natural Rights, we produce RIGHTS and OBLIGATIONS of the natural CONTRACT for COOPERATION that is necessary for humans (or any sentient being), to avoid parasitism, predation, conflict, and war.
SOCIAL CONSEQUENCES
**Natural(Obligations) Law** and **Natural Rights** are consequently reducible to a very simple set of laws:
1- That in the choice between **avoidance (boycott), cooperation (trade), and conflcit (war)**, it is only rational to avoid war in the absence of parasitism and predation.
2 – That our moral instincts, which punish cheating even if very costly, are reducible to the **prohibition on parasitism** in order to p**reserve the incentive for cooperation**, because of the **disproportionate rewards of cooperation**, and the d**isproportionate loss of non-cooperation**, and that **catastrophic loss of conflict**.
3 – That the differences in our moral instincts are reducible to our **reproductive differences**:
* **Progressive**: Mother/Sister: consumption bias: short term. Feed the OFFSPRING regardless of the quality of the child or the cost to the tribe’s defense
* **Libertarian**: Brother: trade bias: medium term. Form alliances to build capital until we BROTHERS have resources of our own.
* **Conservative**: Father: save/defense/offense bias: long term. Preserve the ability of the TRIBE to fight competitors
PHYSICAL LAWS
These laws are then reducible to very simple physical law: that genetic organisms, particularly animals that can move, discover patterns by which they can capture free energy, use it, and export the unusable as waste heat.
Or put another way: no organism can survive if it is the subject of sufficient parasitism that such parasitism will reduce its reproductive consequences.
Ergo: there is no altruism in nature, because its suicidal. At best we find kin selection that is not.
SO IN CLOSING
Natural law is a consequence of the conservation of energy in physical law and nothing else.
Source date (UTC): 2016-08-17 13:21:00 UTC
Some conflicts are objectively immoral because they generate retaliation
Some conflicts are conditionally immoral because they violate normative contracts consisting in the product ( result) of a set of exchanges rather than single actions.
Some conflicts are moral such as the competition for opportunities produced by the market.
Some conflicts are uncertain since they constitute a process of discovery.
Source date (UTC): 2016-08-17 09:41:00 UTC
https://propertarianforum.wordpress.com/2016/07/26/tired-nap-wired-npp/TIRED: “NAP” WIRED: “NPP”
(I’m stunned by the work in this article.)
You see. It takes a couple of years of work. But if you spend a couple of years at Propertarianism, you will do better communicating it than I do.
Wonderful post. I’m inspired.
Source date (UTC): 2016-08-17 06:06:00 UTC
THOUGHTS, WORDS, DEEDS
“Maybe I should punch him” Thought.
“I am going to punch you” Words.
“I punched him.” Deeds.
Violence is the only method of enforcing rights.
(by Liam Eddy )
Source date (UTC): 2016-08-17 04:52:00 UTC
http://www.allaboutphilosophy.org/natural-law.htmWHAT DOES NATURAL LAW MEAN?
(with updates by Doolittle)
Natural Law
Natural Law – What is Law?
Natural Law is a broad and often misapplied term tossed around various schools of philosophy, science, history, theology, and law. Indeed, Immanuel Kant reminded us, ‘What is law?’ may be said to be about as embarrassing to the jurist as the well-know question ‘What is Truth?’ is to the logician.
Law, in its generic sense, is a body of rules of action or conduct prescribed by controlling authority, and having binding legal force. That which must be obeyed and followed by citizens subject to sanctions or legal consequences is a law (Black’s Law Dictionary, Sixth Edition, p. 884).
Jurisprudence is the philosophy of law and how the law developed.
Natural Law – A Moral Theory of Jurisprudence
Natural Law is a moral theory of jurisprudence, which maintains that law should be based on morality and ethics. Natural Law holds that the law is based on what’s “correct.” Natural Law is “discovered” by humans through the use of reason and choosing between good and evil. Therefore, Natural Law finds its power in discovering certain universal standards in morality and ethics.
Natural Law – The History
The Greeks — Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle emphasized the distinction between “nature” (physis, φúσις) and “law,” “custom,” or “convention” (nomos, νóμος). What the law commanded varied from place to place, but what was “by nature” should be the same everywhere. Aristotle (BC 384—322) is considered by many to be the father of “natural law.” In Rhetoric, he argues that aside from “particular” laws that each people has set up for itself, there is a “common law” or “higher law” that is according to nature (Rhetoric 1373b2–8).
The Stoics — The development of natural law theory continued in the Hellenistic school of philosophy, particularly with the Stoics. The Stoics pointed to the existence of a rational and purposeful order to the universe. The means by which a rational being lived in accordance with this cosmic order was considered natural law. Unlike Aristotle’s “higher law,” Stoic natural law was indifferent to the divine or natural source of that law. Stoic philosophy was very influential with Roman jurists such as Cicero, thus playing a significant role in the development of Roman legal theory.
The Christians — Augustine (AD 354—430) equates natural law with man’s Pre-Fall state. Therefore, life according to nature is no longer possible and mankind must instead seek salvation through the divine law and Christ’s grace. Gratian (12th century) reconnected the concept of natural law and divine law. “The Human Race is ruled by two things: namely, natural law and usages (mos, moris, mores). Natural law is what is contained in the law and the Gospel. By it, each person is commanded to do to others what he wants done to himself and is prohibited from inflicting on others what he does not want done to himself.” (Decretum, D.1 d.a.c.1; ca. 1140 AD)
— ADDED BY DOOLITTLE—-
The Enlightenment Thinkers (AD 1600 – 2016)
(Bacon/English, Locke/British, Jefferson/Anglo-German, Hayek/Austrian, Rothbard/Jewish, Hoppe/German, Doolittle/American.
The attempt to mature Stoic, Roman, Germanic, and British empirical law into a formal logic wherein all rights are reduced to property rights, law is strictly constructed from the prohibition on the imposition of costs that would cause retaliation and increase the costs, risk, and likelihood of cooperation, that creates prosperity in a division of perception, cognition, knowledge, labor, and advocacy. In other words, natural law, evolved from empirical common law, as the formal category(property), logic (construction), empiricism(from observation), and science (continuous improvement) of human cooperation. In this view, ethics, morality, economics, law, politics constitute the science of cooperation: social science. Everything else is justification, advocacy, literature, and propaganda.
— ADDED BY DOOLITTLE—-
Natural Law – The Conclusion
In the end, where does law come from? The Theory of Natural Law maintains that certain moral laws transcend time, culture, and government. There are universal standards that apply to all mankind throughout all time. These universal moral standards are inherent in and discoverable by all of us, and form the basis of a just society.
Source date (UTC): 2016-08-17 02:19:00 UTC
Natural Law (Empirically Discovered Law) consists of general rules, that are location, demographic, custom, culture, and religion independent methods of providing decidability in matters of conflict.
Natural Rights (Desirable Contract Provisions) consist of those general rules, stated not as negative prohibitions, but as positive aspirations, such that all governments must bring into being – regardles of location, demographic, custom, culture, and religion, as a list of those conditions under which the government will exercise violence in order to resolve conflicts, so that prosperous cooperation can continue – given that the government is the insurer of last resort.
By combining Natural Law, and Natural Rights, we produce RIGHTS and OBLIGATIONS of the natural CONTRACT for COOPERATION that is necessary for humans (or any sentient being), to avoid parasitism, predation, conflict, and war.
SOCIAL CONSEQUENCES
Natural(Obligations) Law and Natural Rights are consequently reducible to a very simple set of laws:
1- That in the choice between avoidance (boycott), cooperation (trade), and conflcit (war), it is only rational to avoid war in the absence of parasitism and predation.
2 – That our moral instincts, which punish cheating even if very costly, are reducible to the prohibition on parasitism in order to preserve the incentive for cooperation, because of the disproportionate rewards of cooperation, and the disproportionate loss of non-cooperation, and that catastrophic loss of conflict.
3 – That the differences in our moral instincts are reducible to our reproductive differences:
PHYSICAL LAWS
These laws are then reducible to very simple physical law: that genetic organisms, particularly animals that can move, discover patterns by which they can capture free energy, use it, and export the unusable as waste heat.
Or put another way: no organism can survive if it is the subject of sufficient parasitism that such parasitism will reduce its reproductive consequences.
Ergo: there is no altruism in nature, because its suicidal. At best we find kin selection that is not.
SO IN CLOSING
Natural law is a consequence of the conservation of energy in physical law and nothing else.
https://www.quora.com/Does-evolutionary-theory-presuppose-a-preceding-grand-design-or-natural-law