Theme: Governance

  • DIVERSITY IS A ‘BAD’ “…in general, homogeneous polities function more harmonio

    DIVERSITY IS A ‘BAD’

    “…in general, homogeneous polities function more harmoniously in both large and small countries.”

    Enrico Spolaore;Alberto Alesina. The Size of Nations (Kindle Locations 104-105). Kindle Edition.


    Source date (UTC): 2013-06-04 10:35:00 UTC

  • SMALLER COUNTRIES ARE BETTER “Our hypothesis, which is backed by extensive empir

    SMALLER COUNTRIES ARE BETTER

    “Our hypothesis, which is backed by extensive empirical evidence, is that, on balance, heterogeneity of preferences tends to bring about political and economic costs that are traded off against the benefits of size.”

    Enrico Spolaore;Alberto Alesina. The Size of Nations (Kindle Locations 100-101). Kindle Edition.


    Source date (UTC): 2013-06-04 10:33:00 UTC

  • ANY MONOPOLY DEFINITION OF PROPERTY RIGHTS IS REQUIRED FOR THE RESOLUTION OF DIS

    ANY MONOPOLY DEFINITION OF PROPERTY RIGHTS IS REQUIRED FOR THE RESOLUTION OF DISPUTES:

    “Fundamentally speaking, it is illogical to suggest that a “polyopoly” of property rights and definitions is possible since a homogenous “monopoly” definition of property right is necessary in order to logically resolve disputes over rights, obligations and conflicts. Without property rights, disputes are logically impossible to resolve.

    If there is a monopoly of property rights at any point, that monopolistic definition, in practice, is the premise for all law within that group of people. Therefore even without the institutions of administrative government, any monopoly of property rights is in fact ‘government’. Everything else is just procedure.”

    This is not to say that allocating all property rights exclusively to private property is the only possible solution for a group. We’ve just learned that economic incentives to act, and to produce, and therefore to increase choice and decrease prices, can only exist where individuals have property rights. Without those rights one cannot have incentives. Or rather, without property rights, one’s incentives are balanced between numerous incentives – most of which are not productive, but consumptive.

    Anarchic production and exchange require only private property rights. But if a group with homogenous interests, wants to invest in the development of commons’, most generally called ‘infrastructure’ and in particular, commons that occupy physical (unique) space, then anarchic production under a monopoly definition of property rights alone isn’t sufficient. The reason being, that commons are victim to: (a) free riding (b) competition (c) privatization, and (d) violations of the rights of others. We don’t usually consider competition a problem, but it’s a problem for investors in a commons. And governments ( one or more people) that can outlaw free riding (taxes), competition (indirect privatization), direct privatization (theft), and protect the rights of others from abuses of their property rights through the process of creating commons, turns out to be necessary, since the cost of these appropriations of common investments is higher than the willingness of people to take the risk to develop the commons. Furthermore they also consider free free riding, competition, and privatization to be immoral.

    THis is not to say that private organizations can’t create commons (they can). The difference is that most commons that are other than symbolic such as monuments, are open to such free riding (consumption without compensation) and appropriation (the ancient practice of stealing of stones to build a house from public works for example) that the combination of moral objection and material theft is higher than the desire and willingness to contribute to a commons.

    Furthermore, some commons, like defense, are of such high risk and cost, that near universal free riding (pacifism), or perhaps more clearly, sufficient free riding, is endemic, and therefore it’s very difficult to create both defense, and private property rights. Historically, property rights are determined by those who contribute to defense. Or more commonly, property rights are exclusively possessed by those who contribute to defense

    So that is why we create governments.

    The problem is not that we’ve created governments to resolve conflicts and to create commons. The problem is that the only governments that we’ve been able to create have consisted of monopolies issuing laws rather than a monopoly of property rights under which we issue contracts the terms of which are binding on all members of the group.

    The problems with the organization we call government are (a) lawmaking instead of contract making (b) Monopoly Rule – whether majority, minority, or dictatorship instead of contract negotiating between factions (c) bureaucracy that is insulated from competition and therefore follows its natural incentives to expropriate from shareholders (citizens).

    (Snippet from yesterday’s posting on Quora)


    Source date (UTC): 2013-05-30 23:30:00 UTC

  • Can Anarchy Be Feasibly Set Up?

    THANK YOU FOR ASKING ME TO ANSWER THIS QUESTION

    I’ll try to do give the the best answer that is available to us today.

    1) If we define anarchy as the absence of RULES (MORALS AND NORMS), then no – without morals and norms humans cannot cooperate.
    2) If we define anarchy as the absence of LAWS and JUDGES then no. Without contracts and the common law support of contracts, then no, not in any meaningful sense.
    3) If we define anarchy as the absence of GOVERNMENT (meaning group of people who coordinate investments in commons then possibly anarchy can exist, but under very constrained and simple conditions. Realistically it would be very hard for these people to compete economically with people from other groups.
    4) If we define anarchy as the absence of LAW MAKERS then almost certainly. The common law alone is sufficient for law making.
    5) If we define anarchy as the absence of an abstract corporation we call the ‘STATE’, then absolutely certainly. In fact, when people complain about government they generally are complaining about the behavior of individuals in a monopoly (government) who are insulated from competition, and whose members also for a bureaucracy that is insulated from competition, and who, as members of a bureaucracy, pursue their own interests. 

    Human societies employ at least these five sets of institutions and by and large, the first three are necessary, and the second two are not.  The question is whether in practice a group could compete effectively without the abstract state and the ability to issue commands (we call them laws, but that’s just a way of trying to give commands the legitimacy of natural laws to what are just political ‘commands’.) 

    So, a homogenous body of people who are not very different in character, belief, genetics, status, and wealth can quite easily create anarchy by writing a constitution with just one a half a dozen rules in it, and then hopefully finding judges that will rule according to those rules and no others.

    A government lf laws then, is quite possible.  A government of men isn’t necessary.  And it’s what our founding fathers were trying to prevent.

    Didn’t work well though. Civil war and all that….

    REGARDING “IN A PARTICULAR WORLD”

    Among a population of people with common heritage, mythology, manners, ethics and morals, who are arguably closely related, it is entirely feasible to draft a constitutions and to supply all services by private institutions.  The problem is whether that LACK of a constitutional government creates an opportunity for a private organization to functionally serve the same purpose, and in that same capacity, eventually develop the monopolistic self serviig bureaucracy that evolves the ability to write laws (issue commands) 

    The general argument in favor of minimal government is that some form of government (weak monarchy for example that ‘owns’ the institutions of dispute resolution) is necessary simply to provide competition against other private organizations that would attempt to function as governments.   I do not believe it is possible to counter this argument in any way – it’s quite sound in both theory and practice. ( Although I’m not going to sidetrack into that kind of depth at the moment. )

    IN A BROADER WORLD
    The anarchic research program commonly referred to as “Anarcho Capitalism” has developed a set of solutions to the problem of institutions, using competing private insurance companies rather than public monopolies.  However, this ‘private government’ still does not solve the problem of heterogenous polities (people with different, competing, and irreconcilable differences.).  Some of us are working on that problem.  We tend to call it some variation of ‘contractual’ government.  Meaning that groups make contracts between competing classes rather than allow one class to dominate another class by majority rule. 

    There is no functional reason why this solution would not work even for large heterogenous polities.

    So there are at least two circumstances under which Anarchy is possible, if we define anarchy as the absence of a monopolistic bureaucracy, but not if we define anarchy as the absence of institutions, rules or law. 

    Fundamentally speaking, it is illogical to suggest that a “polyopoly” of property rights and definitions is possible since a homogenous definition of property right is necessary in order to logically resolve disputes over rights, obligations and conflicts.  If there is a monopoly of property rights at any point, that monopolistic definition, in practice, is the premise for all law within that group of people.  Therefore even without the institutions of administrative government, any monopoly of property rights is in fact ‘government’.  Everything else is just procedure.

    That logic may be hard to follow.  But it is what it is.  🙂

    Curt

    https://www.quora.com/Can-anarchy-be-feasibly-set-up

  • THREAD ON STARVING THE BEAST (GOVERNMENT) (Just logging it here.) NOTE: For thos

    http://angrybearblog.com/2013/05/starving-the-beast-aka-drowning-the-people-in-the-bathwater-seattle-bridge-edition.htmlA THREAD ON STARVING THE BEAST (GOVERNMENT)

    (Just logging it here.)

    NOTE: For those who aren’t aware (a) our infrastructure is in dire repair. (b) a bridge fell into the river north of seattle yesterday. (c) the cause was the driver of a truck carrying an oversize load of very heavy equipment running into the bridge and destroying it’s structural integrity.

    My comment here is over the politicization of this incident as a complaint against starving the beast, rather than the fact that it was human error and accident.

    ———–CURT DOOLITTLE

    Starving the beast is cheaper than the alternatives: secession, revolution, and civil war.

    Conservatives simply prefer one set of externalities and progressives another.

    That the difference in these preferences is eugenic vs dysgenic albeit stated in moralistic language is the only topic worth debating.

    And in that debate, i am fairly sure conservatives are correct.

    ———–STEVE ROTH

    @Curt Doolittle: “Starving the beast is cheaper than the alternatives: secession, revolution, and civil war.”

    1. Not sure what you mean by “cheaper.” See SRW on accounting profit vs economic profit: http://www.interfluidity.com/v2/4043.html

    2. An interesting tradeoff you’re suggesting You’re saying that if we increase government revenues (currently the lowest in the developed world, and far below the average) by a couple or few points, the result will be “secession, revolution, and civil war”?

    Really??

    “i am fairly sure conservatives are correct”

    Chicken Little was undoubtedly correct as well.

    ———–CURT DOOLITTLE

    @Steve Roth,

    Explanation: One of my interests is understanding ideological strategies, ideological arguments, the moral sentiments that drive those arguments, and comparing those sentiments to reproductive strategies. Net is that family structure, or rather, reproductive model, increases in diversity as we become economically independent individuals. Our ‘interests’ diverge as the tribe, family, nuclear family dissolve – the distribution of our morality therefore does not remain constant. This change is what we see in voting patterns. (It’s why single women determine the current election cycle – all other things being equal.) Men don’t change, but women increasingly express their natural reproductive strategies in daily life, and their biases in voting patterns. And they vote more often and in greater percentages than males.

    I understand conservative morality, ideology, and reproductive strategy (status signaling, mating, child rearing). And as such I try to explain to the moderate left that wants to understand the other side’s motivations, how the conservatives think, but in rational terms (libertarian terms) rather than the allegorical, historical, and morally loaded terms used by conservatives.

    RE: 1) It’s not a matter of calculating profit, but of born losses. 🙂 From the conservative point of view the cost, to them, of progressive ideas is infinite. Starving (bankrupting) the beast is the cheapest way for them to fight it. Just as incrementalism, undermining the constitution, and most recently, postmodern ideology (liberal philosophy) are inexpensive means of accomplishing political goals of the left.

    To conduct a war over the definition of the distribution of property rights between the individual (the right) and the commons (the left) and the structure and value of signals, one can use ideology, religion, civil resistance and disobedience, immigration and emigration, secession, revolution, and civil war to achieve one’s ends. And in that sequence, ideology is the least expensive strategy and it’s available within a democracy without the need for escalation. Conservatives understood in the 70′s and 80′s that the assault on the family, on morality, and on meritocracy would win, and that is why they developed the think tank network and adopted libertarian economic ideology. The tea party is the middle class equivalent resistance movement, and interestingly makes use of both conservative, classical liberal and libertarian ideas.

    RE: 2) I’m saying that (a) the conservative strategy is to bankrupt and block and therefore delegitimize the state. ‘State’ and ‘government’ being technical terms – the first corporal, the second organizational. (b) That religion is the oldest means of determining the limits of governance, and that the right, especially outside of the coastal immigrant cities, embraces religion and moral argument as a means of opposition to the attack on the family, the status signals, and the ability to use boycotting and ostracization to sustain their expected norms. On the left, the Liberal ideology of postmodernism is expressly contra-logical in an effort to use the strategy of monotheistic religions using false statements about the nature of man instead of false statements about man’s relation to nature. It is an attempt to use religious strategies in an effort to compensate for the failure of socialism in theory and practice. It is just as absurd as the right’s strategy. But both right and left are more influential than we empiricists, because they speak in moral language accessible to the many. Policy is not made by empirical analysis of a supposed common good. Anything but.

    The point is, that both left and right strategies WORK because of the distribution of talents of individuals and the distribution of their interests, and those of us who make intellectual arguments, for the benefit of a population with an assumed homogeneity of interests, fail to understand that at the reproductive level, and therefore the moral level, there is no homogeneity of interest between these groups once the nuclear family is sufficiently weakened and the mores and norms associated with that nuclear family also weakened.

    Data is data. Voting data at the national level (which is what campaign strategy makes use of) is the only empirical data we have to work with and that data is telling us some very uncomfortable things – there is no ‘we’ in the normative sense, only a ‘we’ in the legal sense.

    Cheers

    ——– COBERLY

    @Curt Doolittle

    perhaps you should do less, or say less.

    i have to guess that by eugenic vs dysgenic, and moralistic, you are trying to say that helping people stay alive weakens the gene pool.

    that topic is not worth debating. if for no other reason than your complete failure to understand Darwin, and the history of “eugenic” thinking, including that which inspired the late Adolf Hitler.

    if, that is, it’s okay for me to mention Hitler in this context.

    ———CURT DOOLITTLE

    @Coberly

    You do realize that your comment translates to a postmodernist raspberry?

    Whether you like something or not is not relevant. Whether you want to engage it or not is not relevant. Displaying your disapproval and disengagement is not an argument. It is the very definition of failing to make one.

    I take great pride in never fearing or surrendering an argument. On the other hand your reputation as a troll is well earned, and my time is precious.

    I’ll agree to ignore you if you’ll do the same.

    Cheers. 🙂

    ———–COBERLY

    @Curt

    if you don’t want a raspberry you need to be a little more careful how you say things. your reply to steve roth above merits a little more nuanced answer than the one i gave you.

    i am afraid it will come to the same thing in the end, intellectual pretension notwithstanding.

    i am afraid your definition of troll doesn’t quite meet the situation either. but like you i don’t have time at the moment to “debate.”

    ———–CURT DOOLITTLE

    @Coberly,

    Thanks. Although I suspect that you confuse the rigor of analytical language in expressing causal relations with pretension, and absence of rigor in morally loaded language as something other than the lack of articulated causal relation – and therefore a lack of comprehension. 🙂

    Analytical philosophy: It’s how the discipline is done.

    As to “The same thing”…. that is, I assume, whether there is a transfer of reproductive frequency from the middle to the lower classes, and the requisite impact on normative, political, legal institutions, and consequential economic impact. I’ll leave it to Flynn et al to argue whether the Flynn effect (omnipresent scientific language and measurement) compensates for the drop in mean IQ. So far, it is beginning to look like it doesn’t. But the jury is still out.

    But then, I”m not making moral statements. Just descriptive ones. 🙂

    Cheers.


    Source date (UTC): 2013-05-25 10:40:00 UTC

  • DO 90% OF AMERICANS AGREE ON? God and Country. Hard work and success. Eduction a

    http://news.yahoo.com/americans-agree-god-country-sex-ed-125513919.htmlWHAT DO 90% OF AMERICANS AGREE ON?

    God and Country. Hard work and success. Eduction and voting.


    Source date (UTC): 2013-05-14 00:11:00 UTC

  • AT THE STATISTICS IN THIS ARTICLE ON DETROIT This is our future

    http://cnsnews.com/blog/terence-p-jeffrey/obamas-america-will-become-detroitLOOK AT THE STATISTICS IN THIS ARTICLE ON DETROIT

    This is our future.


    Source date (UTC): 2013-05-14 00:02:00 UTC

  • FEUDALISM WAS VOLUNTARY? “What gives european feudalism its unique identity is t

    FEUDALISM WAS VOLUNTARY?

    “What gives european feudalism its unique identity is that that it is a type of political order based on a contractual agreement between free men who are ennobled in the calling of arms.” – Richard Duchesne, Uniqueness of Western Civilization, p470

    Propertarian reasoning would help us understand, that taking up the force of arms earned the warrior a contract for PROPERTY RIGHTS with his peers and superiors. Thats what enfranchisement meant. That’s what Freedom meant: PROPERTY RIGHTS.

    PROPERTY RIGHTS ARE CREATED, EARNED AND HELD BY THE APPLICATION OF ORGANIZED VIOLENCE.

    VIOLENCE IS A VIRTUE. IT IS OUR CURRENCY. WE PURCHASE PROPERTY RIGHTS WITH THAT CURRENCY.

    We can choose to purchase property rights, purchase servitude, or to purchase tyranny. What we purchase with our violences is our choice. It is not a matter for consensus. It is not a matter for discourse. It is not a matter for argument. It is simply a purchase.

    What is it that you wish to purchase with your only natural currencies: time and violence?


    Source date (UTC): 2013-05-12 07:15:00 UTC

  • IT. READ SCHUMPETER. READ HOPPE. We do know what to do next. Propertarian reason

    http://potlatch.typepad.com/weblog/2013/04/brezhnev-capitalism.htmlREAD IT. READ SCHUMPETER. READ HOPPE.

    We do know what to do next.

    Propertarian reasoning tells us this: Civilizations collapse when a sufficient number of people urbanize that the systems of calculation and incentive are no longer capable of functioning as an information system for the purpose of managing scarce resources.

    Davies’ post correctly identifies the financialization of our civilization under Keynesianism as the threat. Even if he does not know that THE PROBLEM OF SOLVING CALCULATION AND INCENTIVE ALONG WITH REDISTRIBUTION IS ENTIRELY POSSIBLE.


    Source date (UTC): 2013-05-11 09:51:00 UTC

  • LIBERTARIANS: GIVEN OUR LACK OF SUFFICIENT NUMBERS WITHIN OUR MAJORITY RULE POLI

    LIBERTARIANS: GIVEN OUR LACK OF SUFFICIENT NUMBERS WITHIN OUR MAJORITY RULE POLITICAL SYSTEM:

    Would you rather have a society that accommodated conservative moral codes, but were guaranteed private property rights and a constrained state, or would you rather have a society that accommodated progressive moral codes and were specifically denied property rights by an omnipotent state?

    You get to choose one or the other. There is no third option. Libertarian ethics are intolerable to conservatives because of conservative concern for the ‘commons’ of moral capital, and progressives for because of their concern for the ‘commons’ of physical capital.

    We have failed. We will continue to fail. Mercantile aristocratic egalitarianism (libertarianism) is insufficient in moral breadth to accomodate martial aristocratic egalitarianism (conservatives) OR to accommodate equalitarian socialists (progressives). People vote moral codes. Period.

    There are too few of us. It isn’t a question of ‘understanding’. Or of ‘communication’. It’s a question of morality and immorality. Rothbardian ethics are insufficiently moral to enfranchise enough individuals to obtain the power needed to enact policy that protects property rights. Conservatives and progressives alike consider our moral code immoral. We can’t convert them.

    Period.


    Source date (UTC): 2013-05-11 07:53:00 UTC