How is Hamas funded?
Hamas, the Palestinian political and militant organization, has multiple sources of funding that have evolved over time. It’s important to note that the information provided here is based on data available up to January 2022 and that the situation is fluid. Here’s a detailed breakdown:
State Sponsorship
Iran: Iran has been a significant supporter of Hamas, especially its military wing, the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades. The support has included financial aid, training, and weapons. Iran is the primary source of funds, weapons, and intelligence.
Qatar: Qatar has provided financial aid to Gaza, some of which is believed to have gone to Hamas.
Non-State Actors
Charitable Organizations: Some Islamic charities, particularly from the Gulf states, have been accused of funneling money to Hamas, although they often deny these allegations.
Diaspora: Contributions from Palestinians living abroad have also been a source of funding.
Internal Revenue
Taxes and Tariffs: Hamas collects taxes on goods entering Gaza and levies tariffs on various services within the territory it controls.
Local Businesses: Hamas has investments in various businesses in Gaza, which contribute to its funding.
Criminal Activities
Smuggling: The organization has been involved in smuggling goods and weapons through tunnels between Gaza and Egypt.
Kidnapping and Extortion: These are less common but have been reported as methods of raising funds.
Other Sources
Humanitarian Aid Diversion: Humanitarian aid to Gaza indirectly supports Hamas by freeing up resources that it would otherwise have to allocate for civilian needs.
Online Crowdfunding: Online campaigns aimed at raising funds for Hamas, although the scale and effectiveness of these efforts are unclear.
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